How can outputs be utilized in Terraform?

Outputs in Terraform serve as a mechanism to pass data between different modules or display key information after an execution has occurred. This functionality is crucial for a few reasons.

When using multiple modules, you often want to share certain values, such as resource IDs, IP addresses, or other important data. Outputs allow you to define specific pieces of information in one module that can be accessed in another, promoting better modularization and code reuse.

Additionally, outputs can provide insights into the operational context after running your Terraform scripts. For example, you might want to output the public IP address of a deployed instance so that you can easily access it or pass it to other systems or users without manually digging through the Terraform state or resource configurations.

The other options focus on aspects that don't accurately align with the primary purpose of outputs in Terraform. Visualizing the infrastructure setup typically involves diagramming tools or cloud provider dashboards, while logging commands pertains more to operational tracking than outputs. Alerts based on resource metrics are more in the realm of monitoring solutions or services rather than Terraform's output functionality.